Drugs and Afghanistan
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Drugs are a huge issue in Afghanistan. The opium
trade funds the Taliban, warlords and their militias, and is a source of
corruption within the Afghan National Police; Afghan government officials,
and to some degree, the Afghan National Army. The growth
of cannabis production has some neighboring countries worried as well.
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Websites about Drug War in Afghanistan
Opium Production in Afghanistan. Wikipedia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium_production_in_Afghanistan
News about Drug Trade in Afghanistan
www.afghanwarnews.info/news/news-drug-trade-Afghanistan.htm
Publications on Drugs in
Afghanistan (listed in chronological order)
2021
Rice, Gareth, "Drugs and Power: Counterinsurgency
in Afghanistan", Small Wars Journal, February 3, 2021.
https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/drugs-and-power-counterinsurgency-afghanistan
2019
Rice, Gareth. "Afghanistan's transformation into
a narco-state", The Strategist, Australian Strategic Policy
Review (ASPI), April 11, 2019.
https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/afghanistans-transformation-into-a-narco-state/
2018
UNODC, Afghanistan Opium Survey 2018:
Cultivation and Production, United Nations Office on Drugs and
Crime, November 2018.
https://www.unodc.org/documents/afghanistan/Opium_Surveys/Afghanistan_opium_survey_2018.pdf
2017
AAN, How Neglect and Remoteness Bred
Insurgency and a Poppy Boom: The story of Badghis, Afghanistan
Analysts Network, by Jelena Bjelica, February 22, 2017.
www.afghanistan-analysts.org/how-neglect-and-remoteness-bred-insurgency-and-a-poppy-boom-the-story-of-badghis/
2016
AREU,
Moving with the Times: How Opium Poppy Cultivation has Adapted to the
Changing Environment in Afghanistan, Afghanistan Research and
Evaluation Unit, June 2016.
UNODC, The Afghan Opiate Trade and Africa - A
Baseline Assessment, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2016.
A 78-page report detailing where the opium is produced in Afghanistan, how
it gets to Africa, and what happens to the opium once it gets to Africa.
www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/Afghanistan/Afghan_Opiate_trade_Africa_2016_web.pdf
AREU, Briefing Note on Fieldwork in Kandahar
Province, December 2015 - January 2016: Opium Poppy and Rural
Livelihoods, Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit, April 11,
2016.
http://www.areu.org.af/ . . . Livelihoods.pdf
DoDIG, Audit of the Drug Enforcement
Administration's Aviation Operations with the Department of Defense in
Afghanistan, Department of Defense Inspector General, Audit
Division 16-16, March 2016. A report about the DEA's Global Discovery
aircraft (ATR 500) that was bought to support its counternarcotics efforts
in Afghanistan but, despite spending millions of dollars, never flew in
Afghanistan. Posted on website of the Homeland Security Digital Library,
Naval Postgraduate School.
www.hsdl.org/?view&did=791691
Mansfield, David, A State Built on Sand: How
Opium Undermined Afghanistan, Hurst Publishers, March 2016. This book
explains how opium cultivation determines people's lives and political
outcome in rural Afghanistan.
www.hurstpublishers.com/book/a-state-built-on-sand/
UNODC, Afghanistan Opium Survey 2015 -
Executive Summary, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, January
2016.
www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/Afghanistan/Afg_Executive_summary_2015_final.pdf
Buddenberg, Doris and Thomas Ruttig, On the
Cultural History of Opium - and how poppy came to Afghanistan,
Afghanistan Analysts Network, January 11, 2016.
www.afghanistan-analysts.org/on-the-cultural-history-of-opium-and-how-poppy-came-to-afghanistan/
2015
Bjelica, Jelena. Afghanistan Breaking Bad:
Crystal meth, a new drug on the market, Afghanistan Analysts Network
(AAN), December 7, 2015.
www.afghanistan-analysts.org/afghanistan-breaking-bad-crystal-meth-a-new-drug-on-the-market/
November 27, 2015. "The Drug Trade in Afghanistan:
Understanding Motives Behind Farmers' Decision to Cultivate Opium
Poppies", by Mathilde Simon, Foreign Policy Journal, November 27,
2015.
http://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2015/11/27/. . . opium-poppies/
Bjelica, Jelena, "One Year's Result is Not a
Trend": the 2015 opium cultivation decrease, Afghanistan Analysts
Network (AAN), November 18, 2015.
www.afghanistan-analysts.org/one-years-result-is-not-a-trend-the-2015-opium-cultivation-decrease/
July 2015. Reducing the Cultivation of Opium
Poppies in Southern Afghanistan, RAND Corporation.
www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1075.html
BINLEA, DoS. Afghanistan National Drug Use
Survey Executive Summary, Bureau of International Narcotics Law
Enforcement Agency, Department of State, May 2015.
http://photos.state.gov/libraries/afghanistan/941877/Reports/Afghanistan%20Drug%20Use%20survey.pdf
May 23, 2015. The Taliban's opium poppy ban in
2000/2001 - lessons from history, Afghanhindsight Blog.
https://afghanhindsight.wordpress.com/2015/05/23/the-talibans-opium-poppy-ban-in-20002001-lessons-from-history/
April 2015. Afghan Narcotrafficking: The State
of Afghanistan's Borders, Joint U.S.-Russia Working Group on Afghan
Narcotrafficking, East West Institute, April 2015.
www.ewi.info/sites/default/files/ideas-files/Afghanistan-Borders.pdf
2014
GIRoA, 2013 Afghanistan Drug Report,
Ministry of Counter Narcotics, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, December
2014.
http://mcn.gov.af/Content/files/AFGHANISTAN-DRUG-REPORT13-FINAL-ONLINE-161214.pdf
December 2014. "Capturing the Elusive Formula
Against Afghanistan's Drug Economy Through Integration", by Jean-Luc
Lemahieu and Madeeha Bajwa, Stability: International Journal of
Security & Development.
www.stabilityjournal.org/article/view/sta.ef/240
October 14, 2014. Poppy Cultivation in
Afghanistan, 2012 and 2014, SIGAR-15-10-SP, October 2014. Special
Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction.
www.sigar.mil/pdf/Special%20Projects/SIGAR-15-10-SP.pdf
May 9, 2014. Afghanistan: Drug Trafficking and
the 2014 Transition, Congressional Research Service. This report
describes key U.S. counternarcotics programs in Afghanistan in the context
of the 2014 transition and analyzes policy issues related to these
programs.
http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/228740.pdf
April 2014. Evolving Terrain: Opium Poppy
Cultivation in Balkh and Badakhshar Provinces in 2013, Afghanistan
Research and Evaluation Unit (AREU).
http://www.areu.org.af/ . . . poppy-cultivation
January 15, 2014. Future U.S. Counternarcotics
Efforts in Afghanistan, Special Inspector General for Afghanistan
Reconstruction (SIGAR) testimony before the Senate Caucus on International
Narcotics Control.
http://www.sigar.mil/pdf/audits/SIGAR-14-21-TY.pdf
2013
Drug Trafficking in Afghanistan. The New York
Times.
http://topics.nytimes.com/. . . /afghanistan/drug_trafficking/index.html
2004
November 10, 2004.
"How the Drug War in Afghanistan Undermines America's War on Terror".
CATO Institute.
Endnotes
1. For more on growth of cannabis see
"Cannabis production in Afghanistan could intensify terror activities".
The Economic Times (India).
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